Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions and Chemical Reactions
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Phase Transitions in Nonequilibrium Systems
Collective phenomena in systems far from thermal equilibrium have been a subject of extensive studies in recent years. Usually these systems are driven out of equilibrium by external fields, such as electric field in the case of conductors, pressure gradient in the case of fluids, temperature gradient in the case of heat conductors, chemical potential gradient in the case of growth problems and...
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Nonequilibrium phase transitions between an active and an absorbing state are found in models of populations, epidemics, autocatalysis, and chemical reactions on a surface. While absorbingstate phase transitions fall generically in the DP universality class, this does not preclude other universality classes, associated with a symmetry or conservation law. An interesting issue concerns the dynam...
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A general theory for the stability and coexistence of nonequilibrium phases is formulated. An integral formulation of the second entropy is given, the functional maximization of which yields nonlinear hydrodynamics. Rayleigh-Bénard convection is analyzed, and analytic approximations are obtained for the second entropy for conduction and for convection. Despite the simplicity of the model, coexi...
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The phenomenon of phase transitions in one-dimensional systems is discussed. Equilibrium systems are reviewed and some properties of an energy function which may allow phase transitions and phase ordering in one dimension are identified. We then give an overview of the one-dimensional phase transitions which have been studied in nonequilibrium systems. A particularly simple model, the zero-rang...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement
سال: 1978
ISSN: 0375-9687
DOI: 10.1143/ptps.64.249